Leather Chemicals
Leather Chemicals
The numbers of identified chemical agents have reached billions, and their consumption has increased with the increase in population and development of industry. Chemical substances, which are used for a better standard of life, have harmful effects together with their positive effects; and these harmful effects damage the ecological balance, brings forth serious hazards for the health of humans, animals and plants; moreover, all these negative effects have cumulative property.There are many industrial branches which chemical substances are used intensively. Leather industry is among the most important of them. With modern manufacturing techniques chemicals are more environment friendly for the pollutions. Some of the chemicals are as below;
Wetting - Salts, sodium bisulfite, formic acid, keratin, sodium sulfide
Dehairing - Sodium sulfur, Ammonium salts, NaOH sonmus lime, weak acids: boric acid, sodium bistilfite, lactic acid
Descaling - Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid formic acid, lactic acid acetic acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium stilphate
Streching - Sama Enzyme that breaks down fat and sugar: lipas, glycosydase
Pickling - Pickling salt, formic acid, sulfuric acid, pickling additives: Formaldehyde, glutardialdehyde, aluminum salts
Chrome Debogat - Chromium oxide, chromium syntans, sodium bicarbonate, sodium formate
Washing - Nonionic surfactants, acetic acid
Neutralization - Sodium formate, sodium carbonate, neutral syntans
Dyeing - Azo dyes, direct dyes, metal complex, dyestuffs, acid dyestuffs, LIQUID dyestuffs, cationic dyestuffs
Retanning - Chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, synthetic retenojmod, acrylic retenojmod, aldehyde solutions, formaldehyde
Lubrication - Organic solvents: Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons (gas oil, test gasoline), halogenated hydrocarbons (trichloroethylene, diclomethane), oils sulfided with emulsifiers (alkylether sulfate, alkylphenolether sulfate), synthetic lubricants, combined oils
Fixation - Formic acid, acetic acid
Finishing - Casein, formaldehyde, formaldehyde-chromium salt, binders, cellulose nitrate, organic solvents (varnish), pigments (titan dioxide,
zinc white, lead chromate, iron oxide, organic pigments), solvents (acetone, esters, ether alcohols), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene,
xylene), thinner
